CHRISTIAN SUBMISSION TO CIVIL AUTHORITIES (ROMANS 13:1-7) AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION IN NIGERIA: A SYMBIOTIC ANALYSIS

Abstract

This paper explores the intricate relationship between Christian teachings on submission to civil authorities, as outlined in Romans 13:1-7, and the quest for freedom of religion in Nigeria. Romans 13:1–7 provides a biblical foundation for the submission of Christians to governing authorities, emphasizing the role of government as an institution established by God. This scriptural mandate intersects with the broader discourse on religious freedom, which is a fundamental right guaranteed by the Nigerian constitution. The study begins by delving into the biblical passage and analyzing the principles of submission, obedience, and the Christian’s responsibility toward civil authorities. Special attention is given to the contextual nuances of applying these principles within a diverse and dynamic society such as Nigeria. The historical backdrop of Christian engagement with political power in Nigeria is also examined, highlighting instances of collaboration and tension. Furthermore, this paper examines the constitutional provisions safeguarding freedom of religion in Nigeria, emphasizing the nation’s commitment to a secular state that upholds the right of citizens to practice their faith. It scrutinizes the challenges and opportunities that arise when reconciling the biblical call for submission with the demand for religious freedom, particularly in a country marked by religious diversity and occasional interfaith tensions. This research employs a multidisciplinary approach, drawing on biblical exegesis, legal analysis, and sociopolitical insights to unravel the complexities surrounding Christian submission to civil authorities and freedom of religion in Nigeria. This study explores potential areas of conflict and convergence, seeking a balanced perspective that respects both the spiritual convictions of Christians and the constitutional rights of all citizens. In conclusion, this study advocates for a nuanced understanding that promotes peaceful coexistence, mutual respect, and constructive engagement between Christian communities and civil authorities in Nigeria. It suggests practical ways in which the principles of submission to authority can be harmonized with the promotion of religious freedom, fostering a society where individuals can express their faith freely while upholding the rule of law.