REVOLUTIONIZING MASS SUBJECTIVITY: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE UJAMAA MOVEMENT

Abstract

Ujamaa, rooted in the essence of traditional African communal life, emphasizes collective living, collaboration, and mutual support in the face of life's challenges and perils. The Ujamaa movement predominantly entailed the establishment of Ujamaa villages in rural areas, accompanied by urban nationalization and reform initiatives. A defining characteristic of Ujamaa villages lies in the villagers' exercise of equal rights and selfdetermination in all matters concerning their lives and self-governance of the village. Research on the Ujamaa movement has yielded abundant results both domestically and internationally. These studies encompass various dimensions, spanning politics, economics, culture, and diplomacy. Notable works include Yan Runpeng's "Research on African Village Socialism" and Zhang Shizhi's "Ujamaa Movement in Tanzania," which delve into the theory and practice of the Ujamaa movement. Other studies explore its influence, such as Li Anshan's "A Study on the Theory and Practice of the Nation Construction of African States - and the Role of the Ujamaa Movement in the Nation Construction of Tanzania," and Wang Lei's "Nyerere and the Study of the Nation Construction of Tanzania." It is evident that existing research on the Ujamaa movement predominantly concentrates on its theoretical framework, practical applications, and overall impact, whereas the role of mass subjectivity within the movement has thus far remained superficially addressed, often confined to slogans.