HEALTH IMPACT OF IRRIGATION SCHEMES: A CASE STUDY OF THE KAMPE IRRIGATION SCHEME IN NIGERIA

Abstract

This study examines the health impact of the Kampe irrigation scheme on the immediate
environment of Yagba West Local Government Area in Kogi State, Nigeria. The creation of water resources
such as dams and irrigation systems have affected human health through the transmission of water-borne
diseases. This paper explores the negative impacts of large river basin projects, including displacement of
tribal people, salinization and waterlogging of soil, and the spread of diseases such as malaria, diarrhea,
typhoid fever, ascariasis and bacterial dysentery. To mitigate these negative impacts, health impact
assessments must be incorporated into water resources development policies and planning to implement
measures for environmental management and vector control. This study aims to determine the health impact
of Kampe irrigation scheme on its immediate environment. Data was collected using structured questionnaires
distributed to farmers, villagers, and health officers of the Kampe irrigation immediate environment. The study
highlights the need for a combination of integrated control measures and effective water management to
reduce the burden of water-related diseases near irrigation or dam sites sustainably. This paper emphasizes
the importance of considering the potential negative impacts on the environment and human health when
developing water resources projects, in addition to the economic benefits. The study concludes that the
provision of portable water, intensive health education, and physical hygiene are fundamental to achieving a
healthy life in water borne diseases endemic areas.