Review Paper

• IDENTIFYING POVERTY IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS: EXPERT PERSPECTIVES

  Steve Li

  This paper discusses the challenges posed by urbanization and development in India, particularly
  in the context of poverty reduction. As India's urban population is set to double by 2031, the already weak
  urban services in the country's cities will be further strained. Basic services,

  50-59

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• THE IMPORTANCE OF PERCEPTION IN MARINE FISHING DEVELOPMENT: LESSONS FROM PURI DISTRICT, ORISSA

  Sridhar, Aarathi, Das Bela, Elizabeth Dale

  This study examines the role of perception in the evolution of marine fishing in Puri district, Orissa,
  India. The area has been developed mainly by migrant fishermen from the Telugu community of Andhra
  Pradesh as local inhabitants of Orissa mainly rely on agriculture and do not inherit

  35-42

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• ASSESSING THE MAGNITUDE OF FLOOD DAMAGE IN INDIA

  Derrick, E. H

  Flood disasters are a natural phenomenon resulting from heavy rainfall and other environmental
  factors; however, anthropogenic activities like deforestation, urbanization, and faulty agricultural practices
  can exacerbate them. Floods become a hazard when they inflict significant damage

  17-23

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• COINS OF ANTIQUITY: THE ROLE OF PUNCH-MARKED COINS IN THE TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT OF ANCIENT INDIA

  Hardaker D

  The punch-marked coins of ancient India hold a significant place in the history of the Indian
  subcontinent. These silver coins were issued initially by merchant guilds and later by states, serving as a trade
  currency during a period of intense trade activity and urban development. This

  1-8

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• ACHIEVING INCLUSIVE GROWTH IN INDIA: GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES FOR SCHEDULED CASTES AND MINORITIES

  Dr. Narasingha Narayan

  The Indian government has undertaken various initiatives to promote social and economic
  development for marginalized communities. The Constitution of India directs the state to provide social
  security and assistance to people living in poverty and undeserved want. This paper evaluates

  43-49

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• A STUDY TO FIND OUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URBANIZATION AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE

  Sandhya Mhatre, Karl E. Weber

  This study examines the relationship between urbanization and rural development from a
  geographical perspective, with emphasis on sustainable development. The study acknowledges that
  urbanization is not only limited to growth and development of cities but has significant impact on rural

  24-34

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• AN OVERVIEW OF THE COMMUNAL CONSTITUTION OF THE CHAUHANS OF SAMBALPUR: OBSERVATIONS ON THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF WESTERN ORISSA

  Sahu K, Albert L.S.S.

  The Chauhans of Sambalpur, a non-tribal group, established their kingdom in western Orissa in the
  mid-16th century. This historical document explores the social structure of their kingdom using various
  Sanskrit courtly chronicles, British accounts, and vernacular sources of the

  9-16

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